C2PA

The Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity, an industry standard that creates cryptographic chains of custody for digital media from creation through distribution.

C2PA is a technical standard developed by Adobe, Microsoft, and other companies that attaches cryptographically signed metadata to content, tracking every edit, tool, and export in the content's history. While architecturally sound, C2PA faces two major limitations: it verifies the signer's identity but not content truthfulness (a signed deepfake is still a deepfake), and social media platforms strip the metadata on upload, breaking the provenance chain where misinformation spreads fastest.

Also known as